Separation and divorce

For most people, it's a shock when a relationship breaks down. Even if you've known for some time that things aren't working out, the final decision to part will stay with you for a long time.

Some relationships end suddenly, some have eroded over time. Whatever the circumstances, breaking up is a bleak time for all involved.

Understanding why your relationship failed is the first step towards recovery. Many people will focus on the questioning:

Whose fault it is?
What did I do wrong?
How could they do this to me?

Although this is understandable,a more constructive approach is to focus on the relationship, rather than individual responsibility. It can be more helpful to think about these kind of questions:

How were things when we first met?
What was the attraction between us?
What made our relationship good?
How has our relationship changed?
What external factors have influenced our relationship?
What has stopped us overcoming our differences?

Although the answers may be upsetting, the greater the understanding, the easier it will be to let go and move on. During this time you'll experience many emotions, including anger, sadness, guilt, despair and confusion; you can expect good days and bad days.

Even when it's over, it can take months for reality to sink in. During this time it's not unusual to find yourself fantasising about reunion and reconciliation, or recriminations.

As well as the emotional turmoil that accompanies the end of a relationship, there's a host of practical issues to address. These might include:

The children - providing support and time, access arrangements, childcare, telling the school, seeing in-laws, birthday and Christmas arrangements.

Money and property - who lives where, surviving on less income, managing the finances, who gets what in the home, pets.

Friends and family - telling parents, siblings, relatives, friends, deciding how much to tell and who should tell whom, maintaining friendships and relationships with in-laws.

Personal survival - which friends can support you practically and/or emotionally, how you'll create space to grieve, could counseling benefit you , adding relaxation into your schedule, a treat can reward you when times are tough.

After a relationship breakdown, many people find themselves struggling with feelings of low self-esteem and self-confidence, and with so many things to organise it can be easy to forget to give yourself time for your own feelings. Be gentle with yourself and gratefully receive all the support you can get from friends and family.

This is undoubtedly one of the toughest times to be a parent, but your children need to know what's happening. You may think that hiding the severity of the situation protects them, but it actually leaves children feeling confused and may drive them away as they feel they can't trust you.

The amount of information you give them will depend on their ages, but they should be encouraged to ask as many questions as they need. Remember, you don't have to hide your feelings to reassure them that they're loved. In fact, sharing what you feel will help them make sense of their own emotions and feel OK about showing them.

Research increasingly shows the negative impact on children of separation, but the way it's handled is the key indicator of how well children adapt. There are many organisations that can help with this.

It is normal to feel anxious and fearful when life's changing. But with more than two in five marriages ending in divorce, you're far from alone, remember there's a large and expanding network of advice and support groups available.